Filter



(No Mow. J. DAVIS.

FILTER. 4 No. 564,305. Patented July 21,1896.

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UNITED STATES PATENT CFFICE.

JOHN DAVIS, OF ALLEGHENY, PENNSYLVANIA.

FILTER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 564,305, dated July 21,1896.

Application filed April 14,1892. Serial No.429,126. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern.-

.Be it known that I, JOHN DAVIS, a citizen of the United States,residing at Allegheny, in the county of Allegheny and State ofPennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inFilters; and I do hereby declare the following'to be a full, clear, andexact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilledin the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My present invention relates to filters, and has for its object certainimprovements in construction, which will be fully disclosed in thefollowing specification and claims.

In the accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification,Figure 1 represents a side elevation partly in section, Fig. 2, aninverted plan view of the cover of the filter, and Fig. 3 an enlargedsectional view of an ejector for supplying chemicals in solution to theinfiowing water.

Reference being had to the drawings and the letters thereon, Aindicatesthe body of a filter which is provided with a foraminous diaphragm a ofmetal and upon the upper side of which are three meshes of wire I? tosupport and prevent the downward passage of the sand composing thefilter-bed 0. Below the diaphragm a is a clear-water chamber d, fromwhich water is drawn through passage e and controlled by a valve, (notshown,) and under the chamber d is a chamber f for the reception of asuitable chemical, such as alum, which is dissolved in said chamber andcommingled with the infiowing water to the filter in quantity sufficientto cause the impurities in the water to coagulate. Above the diaphragm ais an agitator consisting of a shaft g, supported upon a step h andprovided with blades 41 for raising and agitating the filter-bed when itis desired to cleanse said bed. The agitator is rotated by means of alever 70 attached to the upper end thereof.

B indicates the cover of the filter, on the under side of which is awater-distributing chamberl and a pebble-chamber m of uniform width, thelatter being formed of two perforated plates 11 at, an imperforatedbottom plate ,0, and pebbles or globular bodies filling the chamber m.The water-chamber Z communicates with a pipe 19, and to said pipe isattached a pipe q, having a valve 1" for discharging waste water, and apipe 3 communicating with the clear-water chamber (1 for supplying waterto cleanse the filter-bed. At the junction of the pipe 19 and pipe 8 isa three-way cock 8 for directing water up through the pipe p above thefilter-bed for filtering the water, or into the clear-water 011214111ber (Z to pass up through and cleanse the filterbed 0. The pipe 19extends across the chemical-chamber f and communicates with thesupply-pipe C, which is provided with a valve zfor controlling thesupply of water to the filter. I 6 5 The supply-pipe O is contracted atu by making it conical-and terminates in a nozzle 1; of the diameter ofthe smallest portion of the conical contraction to arrest the water atthis point and divert a portion thereof through discharge-pipe 10 intothe chemical-chamber f to agitate its contents and acceleratedissolution of the solid chemical therein contained, and also to aid inraising the solution through the needle-valve to mingle with theinflowing 7 5 water. The nozzle 0 discharges into a reverse conicalcontraction a of the pipe 19, where the column of water discharged fromthe nozzle Q1 forms a partial vacuum above the pipe I),

which causes the water from the chemical- 8o chamber charged orimpregnated with the coagulant to rise and mingle with the water passingfrom said nozzle. The velocity of the water is arrested momentarily inthe cone a and causes the chemical to mix thoroughly with the water asit flows through said contraction and on through pipe 2) to thefilterchamber, and the quantity of the chemical solution required isregulated by the needlevalve 0.

In the operation of filtering the water is discharged from pipe 19 intochamber Zin the cover of the filter, from which it flows into andthrough the pebble-chamber m, where the larger and heavier impurities intheir 00- 5 agulated state are arrested by the pebbles and the waterdischarged through the outer perforated plate 10 above the filter-bed 0,through which it percolates and passes into the clear-water chamber (1and is drawn off through passage 6.

lVhen it is desired to cleanse the filter-bed, the valve c is closed,the cock 8 turned to direct water through pipe 3 into the chamber cl,and the Waste-valve 4" opened. The valve 25 1o 5 being open, thefilter-bed is raised and agitated by revolving the agitator, when thewa-' ter passing through the filter-bed Will scour the particles of sandand loosen all the impurities. The water freighted with the im puritiesof the filter-bed will then rise and in flowing throughthepebble-chamber in numerous fine streams cut off the heavy foreign matterdeposited upon the pebbles in a coagulated state. During this cleansingoperation the lighter particles of sand from the filter-bed which arecast up or raised by the agitator and the water strike the bottom of thepebble-chamber and the major portion thereof gravitate to the bed again,while the small portion carried by the water through the perforatedplate n is arrested by the pebbles and again returned when the course ofthe water is reversed for filtering.

It will be observed that in either direction the water flows through thepebble-chamber on its passage is in direct lines and of uniform velocityacross the filter, thus securing the maximum effect of the pebbles inarresting the larger or coarser impurities in one operation and that ofthe Water in cleansing all the pebbles in the other, and affording amplespace in the water-distributing chamber Z for the impurities, and thusavoiding the choking of the mouth of the pipe 19.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim is 1. In afilter, the combination of a'chemicalchamber a supply-pipe extendingthrough said chamber and provided with oppositelyarranged'conicalcontractions, a nozzle at the terminal of one of said contractions, adis charge-pipe connected With the supply-pipe and a lifting-pipe belowthe discharge of said nozzle, the discharge-pipe and the lifting pipecommunicating with the chemical-chamber substantially as described.

2. In a filter a supply-pipe provided with oppositely-arranged conicalcontractions, a nozzle from one of the contractions extending into theother, a discharge-pipe connected wvith the contraction having thenozzle and a liftingpipe in the opposite contraction and below thedischarge of said nozzle, in combin ation with a chemical-chambersubstantially as shown and described.

3. A filter having a Water distributing chamber and a pebble-chamber inits cover,

